TINJAUAN KRITIS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN HARGA GABAH DAN BERAS DI INDONESIA

Abstract

The government intervened in unhulled rice and rice price policies which require a large budget and is faced with a trade off between protecting producers and consumers. There is also a rice trading system that has an interest in creating profits. This condition creates obstacles in achieving policy objectives. The objectives of this paper are (1) to analyze the effectiveness of unhulled rice and rice price policies and factors that affect policy effectiveness and (2) to formulate policy recommendations in minimizing side effects. Analysis using secondary data and literature review methods. Results showed that with the support of other rice policies, the price policy had achieved its goal of stabilizing prices and supporting economic stability. However, it is not yet effective enough to protect farmers' income and affordability of rice prices and safeguard government rice reserves. Pricing policies need to be carried out selectively with a clear target date and be accompanied by policy instruments for farmer income and food consumption flexibility, as well as encouraging farmer independence. Farmers can be facilitated to choose profitable commodities supported by an information system, market access, credit policies, input subsidies and agricultural infrastructure such as irrigation.